Rocks
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There are three major types of rocks:

#.  Igneous
#.  Sedimentary
#.  Metamorphic

Igneous
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#. basalt (玄武岩)

   #. mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB)
   #. oceanic island basalt (OIB)

#. peridotite (橄榄岩)
#. harzburgite (斜方辉橄岩)
#. gabbros (辉长岩)
#. eclogite (榴辉岩)

Sedimentary
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Metamorphic
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Pyrolite (地幔岩)
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A theoretical rock considered to be the best approximation of the composition of Earth's upper mantle.
It is constructed from basalts and peridotites.

Others
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#. meteorite: 陨石
#. chondrite: 球粒陨石

Referecens
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1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rock_types